Macro partitioning
Specific protein sources have non-linear associations with diabetes risk: fish and legumes show inverse J/L-shaped associations (lower risk with higher intake), while red meat and poultry show J/U-shaped associations (increased risk at high intakes).
Choose your protein sources wisely. Fish and legumes are associated with lower diabetes risk, especially at higher intakes. Red meat and poultry should be consumed in moderation, as high intakes are associated with increased risk. Eggs and whole grains are also beneficial when consumed in appropriate amounts.
there were U-shaped associations of the percentages energy from whole grain-derived and poultry-derived proteins with new-onset diabetes, J-shaped associations of unprocessed or processed red meat-derived proteins with new-onset diabetes, a reverse J-shaped association of the fish-derived protein with new-onset diabetes, L-shaped associations of egg-derived and legume-derived proteins with new-onset diabetes
Why this rating
Large-scale prospective cohort with rigorous statistical modeling.
Source
Variety and quantity of dietary protein intake from different sources and risk of new-onset diabetes: a Nationwide Cohort Study in China
Chun Zhou et al. · BMC Medicine · 2022
DOI 10.1186/s12916-021-02199-8
More from this paper
- A higher variety score of dietary protein sources (consuming appropriate quantities from more of the eight major sources: grains, meat, poultry, fish, egg, legumes) is inversely associated with the risk of new-onset diabetes.Good
- Total protein intake has a U-shaped association with diabetes risk, where both very low (<10.6% of energy) and very high (≥14.0% of energy) intakes are associated with higher risk compared to moderate intake (10.6-14.0% of energy).Good
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