Macro partitioning

Specific protein sources have non-linear associations with diabetes risk: fish and legumes show inverse J/L-shaped associations (lower risk with higher intake), while red meat and poultry show J/U-shaped associations (increased risk at high intakes).

Choose your protein sources wisely. Fish and legumes are associated with lower diabetes risk, especially at higher intakes. Red meat and poultry should be consumed in moderation, as high intakes are associated with increased risk. Eggs and whole grains are also beneficial when consumed in appropriate amounts.