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There were no significant differences in serum TMAO, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, or vitamin B12 between vegan and omnivorous twins after 4 or 8 weeks.
Practitioners may consider that a healthy omnivorous diet can yield similar clinical outcomes as a vegan diet.
StrongRefutesmedium confidence
No significant differences between baseline and 4 or 8 weeks were seen in serum TMAO, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, or vitamin B12 between vegan and omnivorous twins (n=44).
Why this rating
Based on study design from abstract.
Source
Abstract P222: Consuming a Vegan Diet Compared to Omnivore Diet Leads to No Significant Changes in Serum TMAO, Fasting Glucose, Insulin, or Vitamin B12: The Twins Nutrition Study (TwiNS) Randomized Controlled Trial
Catherine P Ward et al. · Circulation · 2023
DOI 10.1161/circ.147.suppl_1.p222
rct · n=44
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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