Research
Energy balance
Thermic effect of food (TEF) after tube-delivered meals is not significantly different in magnitude or duration from TEF after ingested meals.
Both ingested and tube-delivered meals produce similar thermic effects, indicating that the method of delivery does not significantly impact energy expenditure.
StrongSupportsmedium confidence
TEF after the tube-delivered meal was not significantly different in magnitude or duration from TEF after the ingested meal.
Why this rating
Based on the comparison of TEF in a controlled setting with six subjects.
Source
Thermic effect of food after ingested versus tube-delivered meals
James O. Hill et al. · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · 1985
DOI 10.1152/ajpendo.1985.248.3.e370
other · n=6Cited 30×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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