Research

Mixed

Deliberately training in conditions of reduced carbohydrate availability (e.g., low muscle glycogen or fasted state) augments molecular markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and lipid oxidation compared to training with high carbohydrate availability.

To boost your body's ability to burn fat and build mitochondria, try performing some of your easier or moderate-intensity endurance sessions with low carbohydrate availability (e.g., fasted or after a previous session). Do not do this for every workout, especially high-intensity or race-pace sessions, as it may reduce your ability to train hard. Use strategies like caffeine or mouth-rinsing to maintain intensity if needed, and ensure you have high-carb sessions to maintain performance capacity.

GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
data from our laboratories and others have demonstrated that deliberately training in conditions of reduced CHO availability can promote training-induced adaptations of human skeletal muscle (i.e. increased maximal mitochondrial enzyme activities and/or mitochondrial content, increased rates of lipid oxidation and, in some instances, improved exercise capacity).
Jonathan D. Bartlett et al. · European Journal of Sport Science · 2014

Why this rating

Based on multiple controlled human trials cited (Hansen, Yeo, Hulston) showing consistent molecular adaptations.

Source

Carbohydrate availability and exercise training adaptation: Too much of a good thing?

Jonathan D. Bartlett et al. · European Journal of Sport Science · 2014

DOI 10.1080/17461391.2014.920926

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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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