Mixed
Moderate coffee consumption (1-5 cups/day) is associated with a lower risk of total mortality, whereas heavy consumption (>5 cups/day) shows no significant association with mortality risk compared to non-drinkers.
Drinking 1 to 5 cups of coffee daily is associated with a modestly lower risk of death compared to not drinking coffee. This benefit appears for both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee. Drinking more than 5 cups does not offer additional mortality benefits and may negate them in the general population, largely due to confounding factors like smoking. If you drink coffee, moderate consumption (1-5 cups) is likely safe and potentially beneficial for longevity.
Compared to non-drinkers, coffee consumption one to five cups/d was associated with lower risk of mortality, while coffee consumption more than five cups/d was not associated with risk of mortality.
Why this rating
Large prospective cohorts (n>200,000), long follow-up (up to 30 years), rigorous adjustment for confounders, though observational design limits causal inference.
Source
Association of Coffee Consumption With Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in 3 Large Prospective Cohorts
Ming Ding et al. · Circulation · 2015
DOI 10.1161/circulationaha.115.017341
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- The apparent non-linear relationship between coffee consumption and mortality (benefit at moderate doses, null at high doses) in the general population is largely driven by confounding from smoking, as the relationship becomes linear and inverse when restricted to never smokers.Good
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