Research

Mixed

FAO food balance sheet estimates of national per capita food supply substantially overestimate actual individual-level dietary intakes for most food groups (e.g., by 74.5% for vegetables and 270% for whole grains) and underestimate others (e.g., by 250% for beans/legumes), rendering raw FAO data invalid for assessing individual dietary quality or diet-disease relations without calibration.

Do not use UN FAO food balance sheets to judge how much people actually eat. These numbers are systematically wrong, often overstating consumption by 50-270% for foods like vegetables and grains. If you must use FAO data for global comparisons, you must apply specific calibration equations that account for country, age, sex, and region to correct for this bias.

GoodRefutesHIGH confidence
For most food groups, FAO estimates substantially overestimated individual-based dietary intakes by 74.5% (vegetables) and 270% (whole grains) while underestimating beans and legumes (250%) and nuts and seeds (229%) (P < 0.05 for each).
Liana C. Del Gobbo et al. · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · 2015

Why this rating

Large-scale comparative analysis (113 countries, 30 years) using robust statistical calibration, though observational in nature.

Source

Assessing global dietary habits: a comparison of national estimatesfrom the FAO and the Global Dietary Database

Liana C. Del Gobbo et al. · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · 2015

DOI 10.3945/ajcn.114.087403

cross_sectional · n=1747236Cited 142×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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