Research
Mixed
Among individuals with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), high UPF consumption is associated with higher odds of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) and significant liver fibrosis, particularly in ever-smokers.
If you have fatty liver, strictly limit ultra-processed foods. This is especially critical if you smoke, as the combination significantly increases the risk of serious liver scarring (fibrosis).
ModerateConditionalMEDIUM confidence
Among subjects with NAFLD, high consumption of UPF was associated with significantly higher odds for presumed NASH (OR = 1.89, 95% CI 1.07- 3.38, P = .030)... Stratification by smoking status revealed an association between high UPF consumption and significant fibrosis among ever smokers... (OR = 2.85, 1.14- 7.14, P = .026)
Why this rating
Cross-sectional design; liver damage assessed via non-invasive markers (FibroMax) rather than biopsy.
Source
Ultra‐processed food is associated with features of metabolic syndrome and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Dana Ivancovsky‐Wajcman et al. · Liver International · 2021
DOI 10.1111/liv.14996
cross_sectional · n=789Cited 79×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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