Mixed
Transforming urban provisioning systems through integrated spatial planning and supply-side innovations (e.g., active mobility, green infrastructure, clean energy) reduces cardiometabolic risk factors and improves cardiovascular health outcomes.
Advocate for and utilize urban designs that prioritize walking, cycling, and access to green spaces. If you live in a city, look for 'walkable' neighborhoods with mixed land use. If infrastructure is lacking, support policy changes for better transit and pedestrian safety, as these systemic changes directly lower your risk of cardiovascular disease and help maintain a healthy weight.
Transforming urban systems with a cardiometabolic health–first approach could be accomplished through integrated spatial planning, along with addressing current gaps in key urban provisioning systems. Such an approach will help mitigate undesirable environmental exposures and improve cardiovascular and metabolic health while improving planetary health.
Why this rating
The paper cites systematic reviews, large prospective cohorts, and modeled health impact assessments, though it notes a lack of direct intervention studies for urban design.
Source
Toward Heart-Healthy and Sustainable Cities: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association
Sanjay Rajagopalan et al. · Circulation · 2024
DOI 10.1161/cir.0000000000001217
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