Research

Mixed

HMB supplementation provides minor, inconsistent support for increasing or retaining lean soft-tissue mass (LSTM) in older or clinical populations, but has no evidence of improving physical function.

If you are older or clinically frail, HMB might offer a small benefit for retaining lean mass, especially if you are not exercising. However, do not expect it to improve your strength or physical function. It is not a substitute for exercise or adequate protein intake. If you are healthy and exercising, HMB likely adds no value.

ModerateQualifiesMEDIUM confidence
Our analysis shows minor, inconsistent support for HMB as part of an oral nutritional supplement or as a stand-alone supplement (or combined with other amino acids) to increase or promote retention of LSTM, improve strength, and no evidence that it improves physical function in older persons or clinical populations.
Stuart M. Phillips et al. · Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle · 2022

Why this rating

Based on an umbrella review of 15 systematic reviews, with evidence quality ranging from very low to high, but overall consensus is 'minor, inconsistent'.

Source

An umbrella review of systematic reviews of β‐hydroxy‐β‐methyl butyrate supplementation in ageing and clinical practice

Stuart M. Phillips et al. · Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle · 2022

DOI 10.1002/jcsm.13030

Meta-analysis · 15 studiesCited 37×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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