Research
Hormonal
SGLT2 inhibitors (specifically empagliflozin and canagliflozin) reduce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with Type 2 Diabetes, with empagliflozin also reducing heart failure hospitalizations.
If you have Type 2 Diabetes and heart risk, SGLT2 inhibitors like empagliflozin or canagliflozin can significantly lower your risk of heart attack, stroke, and heart failure hospitalization. These drugs work by removing excess sugar through urine. Discuss these with your doctor, especially if you have heart failure.
StrongSupportsVERY_HIGH confidence
After a median follow-up of 3.1 years, there was a 14% reduction in the 3-point major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) in the active treatment group compared to placebo (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.74 – 0.99; p¼0.04 for superiority)... a 17% reduction in the composite CV death or hospitalization for heart failure were seen in the dapagliflozin group (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.73 – 0.95, p¼0.005)
Why this rating
Based on large RCTs (EMPA-REG, CANVAS, DECLARE-TIMI 58) with clear outcomes.
Source
A review of the evidence on cardiovascular outcomes from obesity treatment
Roshaida Abdul Wahab et al. · Obesity Pillars · 2023
DOI 10.1016/j.obpill.2023.100071
narrative_reviewCited 17×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- GLP-1 receptor agonists (specifically liraglutide, semaglutide, and dulaglutide) significantly reduce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk, independent of baseline BMI.Strong
- Bariatric surgery significantly reduces all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) compared to medical therapy in patients with severe obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.Good
- Intensive lifestyle intervention in patients with Type 2 Diabetes and obesity does not significantly reduce major cardiovascular events compared to standard care, although weight loss of 10% or more is associated with a lower risk.Good
Related findings · Hormonal
- Initial treatment for type 2 diabetes should be a combination of metformin and either an SGLT-2 inhibitor or a GLP-1 receptor agonist to achieve cardiorenal protection, rather than monotherapy or older agents like sulfonylureas.Strong
- For patients with specific monogenic obesity syndromes (leptin deficiency, POMC/PCSK1/LEPR mutations), targeted pharmacotherapy (recombinant leptin or setmelanotide) is highly effective and should be prioritized, unlike in polygenic obesity.Strong
- Continued weekly administration of 2.4 mg subcutaneous semaglutide prevents weight regain and promotes further weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity, whereas switching to placebo results in significant weight regain.Strong
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