Mixed
Short-term (2-week) crossover metabolic ward trials without washout periods are invalid for determining chronic macronutrient effects on energy intake and body fat due to massive, differential carry-over effects from physiologic adaptation.
Do not rely on short-term (under 4-6 weeks) diet studies to predict long-term weight loss outcomes. The body's metabolic adaptation to macronutrient changes (like ketosis or insulin shifts) takes weeks to months. Short trials often measure transient adaptation rather than chronic effects, leading to misleading conclusions about which diet is superior for fat loss.
These findings, which tend to support rather than oppose the CIM, suggest that differential (unequal) carry-over effects and short duration, with no washout period, preclude causal inferences regarding chronic macronutrient effects from this trial.
Why this rating
High-quality reanalysis of raw data from a controlled metabolic ward study, though limited by the specific context of the original trial.
Source
Physiologic Adaptation to Macronutrient Change Distorts Findings from Short Dietary Trials: Reanalysis of a Metabolic Ward Study
Adrián Soto-Mota et al. · Journal of Nutrition · 2023
DOI 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.017
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