Research

Energy balance

Females have a higher percentage of body fat and fat mass, and lower fat-free mass compared to males across all age groups, but the trajectory of body composition change with age is similar between sexes.

Women naturally carry more fat and less muscle than men, which lowers their baseline calorie needs. However, as you age, your body composition changes (losing muscle, gaining fat) in a pattern very similar to men. Focus on strength training to preserve muscle mass; this is the most effective way to counteract the age-related drop in energy expenditure for both sexes.

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Females generally have a higher percentage of %fat and FM, along with lower FFM, compared with males across all age groups... These findings are important for understanding how aging affects metabolism and body composition
Hannah E. Cabre et al. · Current Developments in Nutrition · 2025

Why this rating

Large sample size and robust measurement methods (DLW for FFM, body mass for FM).

Source

Sex Differences in Measures of Energy Expenditure and Body Composition in Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults

Hannah E. Cabre et al. · Current Developments in Nutrition · 2025

DOI 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107614

cross_sectional · n=2326
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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