Hormonal
Daily exercise training (morning or evening) reduces fasting concentrations of large LDL particles (LDL-1) and small HDL particles (HDL-3/4) in men with overweight/obesity, independent of time-of-day.
If you are overweight or obese, engaging in daily exercise (combining high-intensity intervals and moderate cycling) for just 5 days can significantly improve your LDL and HDL particle profiles, regardless of whether you exercise in the morning or evening. Focus on consistency and intensity rather than the specific time of day.
EXpm reduced fasting cholesterol concentrations in three LDL subfractions by ~30%, while EXam only reduced concentration in the largest LDL particles by 19%... Exercise training affected the smaller HDL particles (HDL-3 and HDL-4), with lower cholesterol concentrations in these particles after both EXam... and EXpm... There were no statistically significant univariate differences in any fasting or postprandial lipoprotein subfraction variables between the EXam and EXpm.
Why this rating
Randomized controlled trial with rigorous dietary control and NMR spectroscopy, but small sample size (n=24) and short duration (5 days exercise).
Source
Effect of high-fat diet and morning or evening exercise on lipoprotein subfraction profiles: secondary analysis of a randomised trial
Trine Moholdt et al. · Scientific Reports · 2023
DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-31082-0
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