Mixed
Ketogenic Enteral Nutrition (KEN) using 24-hour continuous nasogastric infusion of 50-65g protein induces rapid weight loss (approx. 10% body weight in 10 days) with 57% of the loss derived from fat mass.
This protocol involves a medical procedure (nasogastric tube) delivering a specific protein-only formula 24/7 for 10 days. It is not a standard diet but a clinical intervention. It results in rapid fat loss while sparing muscle, but requires medical supervision, equipment, and tolerance for a nasal tube. It is not suitable for long-term maintenance without medical oversight.
Ketogenic Enteral Nutrition treatment of over 19,000 patients induced a rapid 10% weight loss, 57% of which was Fat Mass.
Why this rating
Large sample size (n=19,036) but lacks a control group, uses self-reported long-term data, and is an open-label observational study.
Source
Ketogenic enteral nutrition as a treatment for obesity: short term and long term results from 19,000 patients
Gianfranco Cappello et al. · Nutrition & Metabolism · 2012
DOI 10.1186/1743-7075-9-96
Related findings · Mixed
- Bariatric surgery (VSG and RYGB) is the most effective and sustainable treatment for obesity, producing marked and sustained weight loss that non-surgical interventions cannot match.Strong
- Severely protein-deficient diets (2–3% energy) induce lean body mass loss and metabolic imbalance, whereas adequate protein intake (0.66 g/kg/d minimum) is a prerequisite for maintaining muscle, bone, and physiological function.Strong
- For patients with Class III obesity (BMI >39.9 kg/m2), metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) is significantly more effective than any currently approved medication, with BilioPancreatic Diversion (BPD) showing the highest estimated weight loss.Strong
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