Energy balance
Adult humans possess functionally active brown adipose tissue (BAT) capable of thermogenesis, with prevalence inversely correlated with age, BMI, and outdoor temperature, and higher in women than men.
You likely have some active brown fat in your neck and upper chest, even as an adult. It burns calories to keep you warm, and it works best when you are younger, leaner, female, and exposed to cooler temperatures. While you can't necessarily 'train' it like a muscle, keeping your living environment moderately cool and maintaining a healthy weight may help preserve this metabolic asset.
Defined regions of functionally active brown adipose tissue are present in adult humans, are more frequent in women than in men, and may be quantified noninvasively with the use of 18F-FDG PET–CT. Most important, the amount of brown adipose tissue is inversely correlated with body-mass index, especially in older people, suggesting a potential role of brown adipose tissue in adult human metabolism.
Why this rating
Large observational study (n=1972) with rigorous histological validation (UCP1 staining) and statistical controls, though it is cross-sectional and observational, not interventional.
Source
Identification and Importance of Brown Adipose Tissue in Adult Humans
Aaron M. Cypess et al. · New England Journal of Medicine · 2009
DOI 10.1056/nejmoa0810780
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