Mixed
Dietary composition directly and rapidly alters gut microbiome composition, with plant-based diets increasing beneficial SCFA-producing bacteria (Bifidobacteria, Lactobacilli) and animal-based/high-fat diets increasing bile-tolerant anaerobes (Bacteroides, Bilophila) and pro-inflammatory pathways.
Focus on the type of food rather than just calories. Plant-based proteins (pea, whey) and fibers increase beneficial bacteria that produce anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acids. Animal proteins and high saturated fats tend to increase bile-tolerant bacteria linked to inflammation. Prioritize whole food sources of carbohydrates (fiber) over artificial sweeteners to support a healthy microbiome.
consumption of particular types of food produces predictable shifts in existing host bacterial genera... acute change in diet... alters microbial composition within just 24 h of initiation... counts of bile-tolerant anaerobes such as Bacteroides, Alistipes, and Bilophila were noted to increase with consumption of animal-based protein
Why this rating
Review of multiple human and animal studies, though heterogeneity exists.
Source
Influence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human health
Rasnik Singh et al. · Journal of Translational Medicine · 2017
DOI 10.1186/s12967-017-1175-y
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