Research
Hormonal
Women with type 2 diabetes face a disproportionately higher risk of cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke mortality compared to men, as diabetes attenuates the natural cardioprotective effects of the female sex.
Women with type 2 diabetes should be monitored for cardiovascular health more aggressively than men, as the disease removes their natural hormonal protection against heart disease and stroke. This includes regular screening for cardiac risks even if traditional male-centric risk factors appear controlled.
GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
In addition, women have greater increases of cardiovascular risk, myocardial infarction and stroke mortality than men, compared to non-diabetic subjects. Diabetes appears to attenuate the protective effect of the female sex in the development of cardiac diseases and nephropathy.
Why this rating
Based on a comprehensive review of epidemiological and clinical data cited in the paper.
Source
Sex and Gender Differences in Risk, Pathophysiology and Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Alexandra Kautzky‐Willer et al. · Endocrine Reviews · 2016
DOI 10.1210/er.2015-1137
narrative_reviewCited 2,053×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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