Research
Micronutrients & recovery
Selenium's health benefits are mediated by selenoproteins, which are synthesized through a unique mechanism involving the UGA codon and the SECIS element, and these proteins play critical roles in redox regulation, thyroid hormone metabolism, and cancer prevention.
Understanding that selenium works through selenoproteins helps explain why balance is key. Too little selenium means these protective proteins aren't made, while too much can be toxic. Focus on a balanced diet to support your body's natural synthesis of these vital proteins.
GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
Much of its beneficial influence on human health is attributed to its presence within at least 25 proteins, named selenoproteins... The function of most selenoproteins is currently unknown; however, thioredoxin reductases (TrxR), glutathione peroxidases (GPx) and thyroid hormone deiodinases (DIO) are well characterised selenoproteins involved in redox regulation of intracellular signalling, redox homeostasis and thyroid hormone metabolism. Recent evidence points to a role for selenium compounds as well as selenoproteins in the prevention of some forms of cancer.
Why this rating
The paper is a review of molecular mechanisms, citing extensive research on selenoprotein synthesis and function.
Source
From Selenium to Selenoproteins: Synthesis, Identity, and Their Role in Human Health
Laura V. Papp et al. · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · 2007
DOI 10.1089/ars.2007.1528
narrative_reviewCited 1,326×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Selenium deficiency can lead to specific diseases such as Keshan disease (cardiomyopathy) and myxedematous cretinism, which can be prevented or reversed by selenium supplementation, particularly when iodine levels are restored.Strong
- Adequate selenium intake is essential for optimal human health, primarily through its incorporation into selenoproteins, and deficiency is linked to increased risks of cancer, infection, male infertility, and neurologic conditions.Good
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