Research
Micronutrients & recovery
Marine n-3 PUFAs (EPA/DHA) exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-kB activation, activating PPAR-gamma, and binding to GPR120, leading to reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and eicosanoids.
This paper explains the biological 'how' behind Omega-3s: they change cell membrane composition and interact with specific receptors (GPR120, PPAR-gamma) to turn down inflammatory signaling (NF-kB). This is useful for understanding why they work, but does not dictate a specific dosing protocol for users.
StrongSupportsHIGH confidence
Mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory actions of n-3 fatty acids include altered cell membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition, disruption of lipid rafts, inhibition of activation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B so reducing expression of inflammatory genes, activation of the anti-inflammatory transcription factor NR1C3 (i.e. peroxisome proliferator activated receptor g) and binding to the G protein coupled receptor GPR120.
Why this rating
The paper provides extensive detail on these mechanisms, citing multiple studies for each pathway.
Source
Omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory processes: nutrition or pharmacology?
Philip C. Calder · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · 2012
narrative_reviewCited 1,317×
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