Hormonal
Acute interleukin-6 (IL-6) infusion enhances insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in healthy humans and increases glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle cells via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation.
Acute spikes in IL-6, such as those occurring during exercise, improve how your body handles insulin and burns fuel. This suggests that the inflammatory response to physical activity is a beneficial mechanism for metabolic health, rather than a harmful one. You do not need to suppress this acute signal to improve insulin sensitivity; it is part of the adaptive process.
Our results demonstrate that acute IL-6 treatment enhances insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in humans in vivo, while the effects of IL-6 on glucose and fatty acid metabolism in vitro appear to be mediated by AMPK.
Why this rating
The study combines rigorous human clinical trials (hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps) with detailed in vitro mechanistic validation (dominant-negative AMPK constructs), providing high-quality evidence for the mechanism.
Source
Interleukin-6 Increases Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Disposal in Humans and Glucose Uptake and Fatty Acid Oxidation In Vitro via AMP-Activated Protein Kinase
Andrew L. Carey et al. · Diabetes · 2006
DOI 10.2337/db05-1404
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