Research
Hormonal
Type 2 deiodinase (D2) is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), allowing locally generated T3 to have prolonged access to nuclear thyroid hormone receptors compared to T3 entering from the plasma.
The location of thyroid hormone production matters. When D2 produces T3 inside the cell (in the ER), that T3 stays near the nucleus longer than T3 coming from the blood, ensuring stronger local signaling.
StrongSupportsHIGH confidence
D2 is subjected to static retention in the ER... This would explain the much longer residence time of the D2-generated T3 (hours) when compared with T3 entering the cell directly from the plasma (minutes)
Why this rating
Supported by immunofluorescence and kinetic studies cited in the review.
Source
Cellular and Molecular Basis of Deiodinase-Regulated Thyroid Hormone Signaling1
Balázs Gereben et al. · Endocrine Reviews · 2008
DOI 10.1210/er.2008-0019
narrative_reviewCited 868×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Type 2 deiodinase (D2) and Type 3 deiodinase (D3) locally regulate thyroid hormone signaling within specific tissues independently of serum thyroid hormone concentrations.Strong
- Deiodinase activity is regulated by a variety of endogenous signaling molecules and xenobiotics, including hypoxia-inducible factor-1, growth factors, and bile acids.Good
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