Research

Mixed

Adherence to a healthy dietary pattern, specifically the Mediterranean diet or a low Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), is associated with a reduced risk of incident depression in longitudinal observational studies.

To lower your risk of depression, focus on adopting a Mediterranean-style diet or minimizing pro-inflammatory foods. This involves eating plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and olive oil, while limiting red meat, processed foods, and sugar. The evidence suggests that maintaining this pattern over time is associated with a significantly lower risk of developing depression.

GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
The most compelling evidence was found for the Mediterranean diet and incident depression, with a combined relative risk estimate of highest vs. lowest adherence category from four longitudinal studies of 0.67 (95% CI 0.55–0.82). A lower Dietary Inflammatory Index was also associated with lower depression incidence in four longitudinal studies (relative risk 0.76; 95% CI: 0.63–0.92).
Camille Lassale et al. · Molecular Psychiatry · 2018

Why this rating

High-quality systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies with large sample sizes, though limited by observational design.

Source

Healthy dietary indices and risk of depressive outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Camille Lassale et al. · Molecular Psychiatry · 2018

DOI 10.1038/s41380-018-0237-8

Meta-analysis · 41 studiesCited 860×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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