Research
Hormonal
The PPARγ Pro12Ala polymorphism is associated with a modestly increased risk of type 2 diabetes, but its effect on insulin sensitivity is likely mediated through changes in body mass index (BMI) and adiposity rather than direct metabolic effects.
Carrying the Pro12Ala variant slightly increases diabetes risk, mostly by influencing body weight. Maintaining a healthy BMI is the most effective way to mitigate this genetic risk.
ModerateQualifiesMEDIUM confidence
a meta-analysis in 2000 confirmed a modest (1.25-fold) but significant (P = 0.002) increase in diabetes risk with the Pro allele... subsequent studies have failed to yield consistent findings... led to the hypothesis that improved insulin sensitivity might be accounted for entirely by changes in adiposity.
Why this rating
Meta-analyses show association, but mechanistic studies are inconsistent and confounded by BMI.
Source
PPAR and human metabolic disease
Robert K. Semple · Journal of Clinical Investigation · 2006
DOI 10.1172/jci28003
narrative_reviewCited 820×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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