Micronutrients & recovery
The European Calcified Tissue Society recommends food fortification and routine Vitamin D supplementation for specific risk groups (infants, children, pregnant women, older persons, non-Western immigrants) to prevent deficiency.
If you are pregnant, older, a non-Western immigrant, or have young children, do not rely on diet alone. The ECTS recommends routine Vitamin D supplementation. Additionally, look for fortified foods like milk, bread, and cereals to help maintain your levels.
The ECTS advises to improve vitamin D status by food fortification and the use of vitamin D supplements in risk groups. Fortification of foods by adding vitamin D to dairy products, bread and cereals can improve the vitamin D status of the whole population... Specific risk groups such as infants and children up to 3 years, pregnant women, older persons and non-Western immigrants should routinely receive vitamin D supplements.
Why this rating
Based on consensus of a working group reviewing extensive data on status and risk groups.
Source
Current vitamin D status in European and Middle East countries and strategies to prevent vitamin D deficiency: a position statement of the European Calcified Tissue Society
Paul Lips et al. · European Journal of Endocrinology · 2019
DOI 10.1530/eje-18-0736
More from this paper
- Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is the best indicator of vitamin D nutritional status, reflecting contributions from diet and dermal production, and should be standardized using programs like VDSP.Strong
- Vitamin D deficiency, defined as serum 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L, is prevalent in 30-60% of populations in Western, Southern, and Eastern Europe, and up to 80% in Middle Eastern countries, with severe deficiency (<30 nmol/L) affecting >10% of Europeans.Good
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