Research
Energy balance
Bariatric surgery (gastric bypass, banding, gastroplasty) produces substantial weight loss (10-159 kg) and improves comorbidities in patients with extreme obesity (BMI >= 40 or >= 35 with comorbidities).
For those with extreme obesity, bariatric surgery is the most effective way to lose a large amount of weight (10-159 kg) and improve health conditions. It is a major decision with risks, but the benefits are substantial for eligible patients.
ModerateSupportsMEDIUM confidence
Overall, surgery promoted substantial, prolonged weight loss (10 to 159 kg over 1 to 5 years) in patients with extreme obesity.
Why this rating
Based on RCTs and cohort studies, but limited by lack of blinding and control groups in some trials.
Source
Screening and Interventions for Obesity in Adults: Summary of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
Kathleen M. McTigue et al. · Annals of Internal Medicine · 2003
DOI 10.7326/0003-4819-139-11-200312020-00013
systematic_reviewCited 607×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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- Achieving a total body weight loss of 10-15% (or >10-15 kg) through Total Diet Replacement (TDR) induces remission of Type 2 Diabetes in individuals with short-duration disease.Strong
- Bariatric surgery is superior to medical management alone for inducing significant long-term weight loss, remission of type 2 diabetes, and reduction in mortality for patients with BMI ≥ 40 or ≥ 35 with comorbidities.Strong
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