Mixed
Exercise is an effective treatment for major depressive disorder, with walking/jogging, yoga, and strength training showing moderate to large reductions in symptoms compared to active controls.
Exercise is a valid, evidence-based treatment for depression, comparable to medication and therapy. For best results, choose modalities like walking, jogging, yoga, or strength training. While vigorous intensity yields stronger effects, even light activity provides clinically meaningful benefits. Prioritize modalities you find tolerable, such as yoga or strength training, to ensure adherence.
Compared with active controls (eg, usual care, placebo tablet), moderate reductions in depression were found for walking or jogging... yoga... strength training... mixed aerobic exercises... and tai chi or qigong.
Why this rating
Large sample size (14,170 participants) but confidence rated 'low' or 'very low' due to high risk of bias (lack of blinding) in primary studies.
Source
Effect of exercise for depression: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Michael Noetel et al. · BMJ · 2024
DOI 10.1136/bmj-2023-075847
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