Hormonal
mTORC1 signaling is the central regulator of skeletal muscle mass, acting as a dual controller that promotes hypertrophy through protein synthesis and prevents atrophy by inhibiting catabolic pathways.
To maximize muscle growth, you must activate the mTOR pathway. This is achieved through resistance training (mechanical load), adequate protein intake (amino acids), and growth factors like IGF-1. Conversely, conditions that suppress mTOR (like severe caloric restriction, aging-related sarcopenia, or high cortisol) will hinder muscle maintenance. Prioritize resistance exercise and sufficient protein to keep this signaling pathway active.
mTOR controls the anabolic and catabolic signaling of skeletal muscle mass, resulting in the modulation of muscle hypertrophy and muscle wastage.
Why this rating
Based on a comprehensive review of genetic knockout models and pharmacological evidence, though it is a review paper, not primary clinical data.
Source
mTOR as a Key Regulator in Maintaining Skeletal Muscle Mass
Mee‐Sup Yoon · Frontiers in Physiology · 2017
DOI 10.3389/fphys.2017.00788
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