Research

Mixed

GrimAge epigenetic age acceleration (GrimAgeAA) is a superior predictor of age-related clinical phenotypes and all-cause mortality compared to first-generation (Horvath, Hannum) and second-generation (PhenoAge) epigenetic clocks, remaining significant after adjusting for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors.

Use GrimAge epigenetic testing as a high-fidelity biomarker to assess your biological aging risk. Unlike standard age, GrimAge accounts for lifestyle and environmental impacts. A high GrimAgeAA score indicates a significantly higher risk of mortality and functional decline (e.g., frailty, slower walking speed). This information should be used to intensify preventive health measures, such as optimizing cardiovascular health, managing smoking status, and maintaining physical activity, rather than as a deterministic prediction of fate.

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GrimAgeAA by contrast was associated with 8/9 outcomes (all except grip strength) in minimally adjusted models, and remained a significant predictor of walking speed, polypharmacy, frailty, and mortality in fully adjusted models.
Cathal McCrory et al. · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · 2020

Why this rating

Large longitudinal cohort (n=490), 10-year follow-up, rigorous adjustment for confounders, but observational design limits causal inference.

Source

GrimAge Outperforms Other Epigenetic Clocks in the Prediction of Age-Related Clinical Phenotypes and All-Cause Mortality

Cathal McCrory et al. · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · 2020

DOI 10.1093/gerona/glaa286

cohort · n=490Cited 474×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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