Research

Energy balance

In heart failure, the failing heart shifts from efficient fatty acid oxidation to inefficient glycolysis, leading to acidosis, ion overload, and reduced ATP production, which exacerbates cardiac dysfunction.

In heart failure, the heart's energy system breaks down, relying on inefficient processes that create toxic byproducts (acidosis) and reduce power (ATP). This metabolic shift worsens the heart's ability to pump. Treatments targeting this metabolic inflexibility (like ketone bodies or specific drugs) may help, but the core issue is the heart's inability to efficiently burn fuel.

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In heart failure, there is an increase in glycolysis, but a decrease in glucose oxidation. This is because the failing heart has a decreased mitochondrial oxidative capacity and impaired activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). The decrease in glucose oxidation leads to a reduction in ATP production.
José E. Galgani et al. · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · 2008

Why this rating

Narrative review synthesizing human and animal studies on cardiac metabolism.

Source

Metabolic flexibility and insulin resistance

José E. Galgani et al. · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · 2008

DOI 10.1152/ajpendo.90558.2008

narrative_reviewCited 512×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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