Mixed
Lifestyle factors (smoking, lipids, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, diet, inactivity, alcohol, psychosocial factors) account for over 90% of the risk for acute myocardial infarction and stroke.
Your risk of heart attack or stroke is overwhelmingly determined by your lifestyle, not your genes. Nine key factors—smoking, blood lipids, blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, diet, physical inactivity, alcohol, and psychosocial stress—account for over 90% of this risk. Addressing these factors can drastically reduce your likelihood of these events.
Nine risk factors accounted for more than 90% attributable risk of acute myocardial infarction in men and 94% in women. Those 10 lifestyle-related risk factors were associated with 90% of the risk of stroke in men and women of all ages.
Why this rating
Based on large-scale international case-control studies (INTERHEART, INTERSTROKE) involving thousands of patients across multiple countries.
Source
Lifestyle medicine
Robert F. Kushner et al. · Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity · 2013
DOI 10.1097/01.med.0000433056.76699.5d
More from this paper
- Intensive Therapeutic Lifestyle Change (ITLC) programs utilizing whole-food plant-based diets, exercise, stress management, and sleep optimization can treat and reverse chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.Good
- Lifestyle medicine is distinct from other medical fields because it prescribes lifestyle change as the first and most important therapy for disease treatment and reversal.Moderate
Related findings · Mixed
- Bariatric surgery (VSG and RYGB) is the most effective and sustainable treatment for obesity, producing marked and sustained weight loss that non-surgical interventions cannot match.Strong
- Severely protein-deficient diets (2–3% energy) induce lean body mass loss and metabolic imbalance, whereas adequate protein intake (0.66 g/kg/d minimum) is a prerequisite for maintaining muscle, bone, and physiological function.Strong
- For patients with Class III obesity (BMI >39.9 kg/m2), metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) is significantly more effective than any currently approved medication, with BilioPancreatic Diversion (BPD) showing the highest estimated weight loss.Strong
This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →