Research

Hormonal

Gastric distension and gut hormones (CCK, GLP-1, PYY) are the primary physiological mechanisms for satiation and satiety, but these signals can be overridden by hedonic and external factors.

Understand that your body has sophisticated satiety signals (gastric distension, CCK, GLP-1, PYY) that work to stop eating. However, in an environment with highly palatable, energy-dense foods, these signals are often overridden by reward pathways. To manage weight, you must account for this override by controlling portion sizes and food availability, rather than relying solely on internal fullness cues.

StrongQualifiesHIGH confidence
Satiation is the process that causes one to stop eating; satiety is the feeling of fullness that persists after eating... Satiation and satiety are controlled by a cascade of factors that begin when a food or drink is consumed... These signals are integrated by the brain... However, for free-living humans, choices about what and how much to eat are affected not only by internal appetite signals... but also by many other factors including the palatability of the food in question, the portion size provided...
B. Benelam · Nutrition Bulletin · 2009

Why this rating

Review paper summarizing established physiological pathways.

Source

Satiation, satiety and their effects on eating behaviour

B. Benelam · Nutrition Bulletin · 2009

DOI 10.1111/j.1467-3010.2009.01753.x

narrative_reviewCited 332×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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