Research

Energy balance

Low energy availability (LEA) of 25 kcal/kg fat-free mass per day significantly reduces daily integrated myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis in trained females, even when protein intake is maintained at 2.2 g/kg lean mass per day.

If you are a trained female athlete trying to build or maintain muscle while in a caloric deficit, simply eating high protein is not enough. You must ensure your energy availability is sufficient (above ~30 kcal/kg fat-free mass). Severe energy restriction will blunt muscle protein synthesis and lean mass gains, even with optimal protein intake. Focus on balancing energy intake with exercise expenditure.

GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
We found that LEA reduced daily integrated myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis compared with OEA.
Mikkel Oxfeldt et al. · The Journal of Physiology · 2023

Why this rating

Randomized controlled trial with rigorous controls, though short duration (10 days) and specific population (trained females).

Source

Low energy availability reduces myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis in trained females

Mikkel Oxfeldt et al. · The Journal of Physiology · 2023

DOI 10.1113/jp284967

rct · n=30Cited 52×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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