Hormonal
Omega-3 PUFAs reduce intestinal inflammation and immune response by inhibiting pro-inflammatory signaling pathways (NF-κB, MAPK) and promoting anti-inflammatory mediators (IL-10, SCFAs like butyrate).
If you suffer from inflammation or gut issues, omega-3s (EPA/DHA) can help by directly reducing inflammatory signaling in the gut. This is achieved by blocking pro-inflammatory pathways and boosting anti-inflammatory factors. This benefit is most pronounced when using direct sources of EPA/DHA rather than just plant-based ALA.
Omega-3 PUFAs inhibit all NF-κB pathways induced by LPS. Incubation of macrophages with omega-3 PUFAs reduces MAPK kinase activity induced by LPS and decreases the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α [36].
Why this rating
Review article citing multiple mechanistic studies in animal and cell models.
Source
Associations among Dietary Omega‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, the Gut Microbiota, and Intestinal Immunity
Yawei Fu et al. · Mediators of Inflammation · 2021
DOI 10.1155/2021/8879227
More from this paper
- Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (EPA, DHA, ALA) modulate gut microbiota composition by increasing beneficial bacteria (Bifidobacteria, Lactobacilli, Akkermansia) and decreasing pathogenic or pro-inflammatory bacteria (Enterobacteria, Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio), thereby improving intestinal barrier function and reducing systemic inflammation.Moderate
- Omega-3 PUFAs can alleviate symptoms of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and obesity by modulating gut microbiota and reducing hepatic lipid content.Moderate
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