Research

Mixed

Low-load resistance training (20-30 RM) produces hypertrophic and strength adaptations in predominantly slow-twitch muscles (soleus) that are equivalent to heavy-load training (6-10 RM), refuting the hypothesis that fiber type composition dictates optimal loading strategy.

You do not need to lift heavy weights to build calf muscle. If you can perform 20-30 repetitions to failure, you will gain muscle and strength just as effectively as if you were lifting 6-10 repetitions. Focus on reaching failure with controlled form, regardless of the weight used.

GoodRefutesHIGH confidence
Results showed that changes in muscle thickness were similar for the soleus and the gastrocnemius regardless of the magnitude of load used in training... Both HEAVY and LIGHT training programs elicited similar hypertrophic increases in the triceps surae.
Brad J. Schöenfeld et al. · Physiological Reports · 2020

Why this rating

Randomized controlled trial with within-subject design, blinding, and rigorous protocol, though limited to untrained young men.

Source

Do the anatomical and physiological properties of a muscle determine its adaptive response to different loading protocols?

Brad J. Schöenfeld et al. · Physiological Reports · 2020

DOI 10.14814/phy2.14427

rct · n=26Cited 46×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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