Research

Energy balance

Circadian misalignment (e.g., shift work, eating at night) decreases 24-hour energy expenditure and impairs glucose metabolism, independent of caloric intake and physical activity levels.

If you work night shifts or eat late at night, your body's metabolism is less efficient. Your energy expenditure drops, and your body handles sugar worse. To mitigate this, try to eat your main meals during your biological day (even if it's during your 'day' while working nights) and prioritize getting high-quality sleep during the day. Avoid eating large meals during your biological night.

GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
In humans, sleeping during the biological day and wakefulness and eating during the biological night in a shift work model decreased 24-h energy expenditure (17)... we also found a decreased thermic effect of food in response to dinner on the first night shift when the meal was consumed at ~22:30 h...
Andrew W. McHill et al. · Obesity Reviews · 2017

Why this rating

Based on controlled human laboratory studies (forced desynchrony, shift work simulation) showing consistent metabolic deficits.

Source

Role of sleep and circadian disruption on energy expenditure and in metabolic predisposition to human obesity and metabolic disease

Andrew W. McHill et al. · Obesity Reviews · 2017

DOI 10.1111/obr.12503

narrative_reviewCited 309×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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