Research
Hormonal
Gut microbiota-derived bacterial protein ClpB acts as a molecular mimic of alpha-MSH, directly activating anorexigenic neurons and stimulating the secretion of satiety hormones (PYY, GLP-1) to induce satiety.
Maintaining a healthy gut microbiome through a diverse diet supports the production of beneficial bacterial proteins like ClpB. These proteins may help regulate appetite by mimicking satiety signals, though this is a secondary mechanism compared to fiber-derived SCFAs.
ModerateSupportsMEDIUM confidence
ClpB derived from Escherichia coli (E. coli) is capable of displaying the α-MSH-like function, such as enhancing PYY and GLP-1 secretion, and directly activating anorexigenic neurons, and subsequently inducing satiety.
Why this rating
Based on specific animal studies and in vitro models; human clinical data is limited.
Source
From gut microbiota to host appetite: gut microbiota-derived metabolites as key regulators
Hui Han et al. · Microbiome · 2021
DOI 10.1186/s40168-021-01093-y
narrative_reviewCited 285×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) regulate host appetite by binding to G-protein-coupled receptors (FFAR2/FFAR3) to stimulate the secretion of anorexigenic hormones (GLP-1, PYY) and directly acting on hypothalamic neurons.Moderate
- Gut microbiota modulate appetite by influencing the metabolism of Tryptophan (Trp) into serotonin (5-HT) and indole derivatives, which regulate satiety and intestinal permeability.Limited
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