Energy balance
Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) reverses metabolic defects associated with insulin resistance and improves glucose tolerance in type 2 diabetes.
For individuals with insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes, activating AMPK through medications like metformin can significantly improve metabolic health by enhancing insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. This works by shifting cellular metabolism towards energy-efficient oxidative pathways and reducing lipid accumulation in tissues like the liver and muscle.
AMPK-activating drugs reverse many of the metabolic defects associated with insulin resistance, and recent studies suggest that the insulin-sensitizing effects of the widely used anti-diabetic drug, metformin, are mediated by AMPK.
Why this rating
The paper is a comprehensive review citing numerous animal models, human genetic studies, and clinical drug data (metformin).
Source
<scp>AMP</scp>‐activated protein kinase: a key regulator of energy balance with many roles in human disease
D. Grahame Hardie · Journal of Internal Medicine · 2014
DOI 10.1111/joim.12268
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