Research

Mixed

Very Low Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diets (VLCKD) alter gut microbiota composition by generally decreasing alpha diversity and richness, while selectively increasing beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Lactobacillus, which may contribute to metabolic and neurological benefits.

If you start a ketogenic diet, expect your gut bacteria to change. You might see a drop in overall variety, but this often comes with an increase in beneficial bacteria like Akkermansia and Lactobacillus. This shift is linked to the diet's benefits for seizures and metabolism. If you have specific gut issues, monitor your response, as individual results vary.

ModerateQualifiesMEDIUM confidence
The VLCKD however, decreased the overall microbial α diversity due to the low carbohydrate (complex carbohydrate) content of diet... Interestingly, they found a reduction in pro-inflammatory microbes such as Desulfovibrio and Turicibacter... growing quota of beneficial bacteria, Akkermansia Muciniphila and Lactobacillus, which have the ability of generating short chain fatty acids SCFAs.
Antonio Paoli et al. · Genes · 2019

Why this rating

Based on a systematic review of 9 studies (mix of human and animal) with mixed results and small sample sizes.

Source

Ketogenic Diet and Microbiota: Friends or Enemies?

Antonio Paoli et al. · Genes · 2019

DOI 10.3390/genes10070534

narrative_reviewCited 263×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →