Mixed
Higher baseline circulating levels of the gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) are independently associated with a significantly increased risk of subsequent cardiovascular events (CVEs) and all-cause mortality.
High blood levels of TMAO are a strong warning sign for future heart problems and death, especially in people with existing heart or kidney disease. While you cannot directly 'dose' TMAO, you can influence it through diet (red meat/eggs increase it, seafood may not) and kidney health. If you have cardiovascular risk factors, discussing TMAO testing with your doctor might provide additional prognostic information, though it is not yet a standard screening tool for everyone.
Higher circulating TMAO was associated with a 23% higher risk of CVEs (HR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.07–1.42, I2 = 31.4%) and a 55% higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.19–2.02, I2 = 80.8%).
Why this rating
Meta-analysis of 11 prospective cohort studies with moderate-to-high quality scores, though heterogeneity and publication bias were noted.
Source
Circulating trimethylamine N‐oxide and the risk of cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of 11 prospective cohort studies
Jiaqian Qi et al. · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · 2017
DOI 10.1111/jcmm.13307
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