Research
Hormonal
Insulin resistance is the core metabolic abnormality in type 2 diabetes and is directly related to the risk of developing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
Insulin resistance is a primary driver of type 2 diabetes and heart disease risk. While complex tests exist, clinicians use simpler metrics like fasting insulin or HOMA to identify it. Addressing insulin resistance through lifestyle or medication is a key target for reducing cardiovascular mortality.
GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
Insulin resistance is the core metabolic abnormality in type 2 diabetes... Epidemiologic evidence indicates that insulin resistance is directly related to the risk of developing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
Why this rating
Based on a review of epidemiologic evidence and multiple clinical trials cited in the text.
Source
Evaluation of Insulin Sensitivity in Clinical Practice and in Research Settings
Lais U. Monzillo et al. · Nutrition Reviews · 2003
DOI 10.1301/nr.2003.dec.397-412
narrative_reviewCited 258×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- The hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp is the gold standard method for quantifying insulin sensitivity in vivo, offering high reproducibility and the ability to distinguish hepatic from peripheral resistance.Strong
- Lifestyle modifications can improve insulin sensitivity and delay progression to type 2 diabetes, although quantitative evaluation of insulin sensitivity was often missing from early trials.Good
Related findings · Hormonal
- Initial treatment for type 2 diabetes should be a combination of metformin and either an SGLT-2 inhibitor or a GLP-1 receptor agonist to achieve cardiorenal protection, rather than monotherapy or older agents like sulfonylureas.Strong
- For patients with specific monogenic obesity syndromes (leptin deficiency, POMC/PCSK1/LEPR mutations), targeted pharmacotherapy (recombinant leptin or setmelanotide) is highly effective and should be prioritized, unlike in polygenic obesity.Strong
- Continued weekly administration of 2.4 mg subcutaneous semaglutide prevents weight regain and promotes further weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity, whereas switching to placebo results in significant weight regain.Strong
This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →