Mixed
Inulin and polydextrose provide beneficial gastrointestinal effects (fermentability, bifidogenic activity, laxation) similar to grain fiber, but their effects on postprandial glucose and fasting cholesterol are modest or inconsistent compared to the variable but often stronger effects of grain fibers.
If you are using fiber supplements like inulin or polydextrose, expect them to help with digestion and gut health (bifidogenic effects, laxation). However, do not rely on them to significantly lower cholesterol or blood sugar; whole grain fibers are more effective for those metabolic goals, though even they vary. A varied diet providing fiber from different sources is recommended.
Inulin and polydextrose show many of the same functionalities of grain fiber in the large intestine, in that they are fermentable, bifidogenic, and laxative. The reported effects on postprandial blood glucose and fasting cholesterol levels have been modest, but grain fibers also show variable effects.
Why this rating
The paper is a comprehensive review comparing multiple studies, though it notes discrepancies between animal and human data for inulin.
Source
Dietary fiber type reflects physiological functionality: comparison of grain fiber, inulin, and polydextrose
Kaisa Raninen et al. · Nutrition Reviews · 2011
DOI 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00358.x
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