Research

Macro partitioning

Higher intake of processed ingredients (PI), such as oils, sugars, and flours, is consistently associated with lower body weight and reduced odds of obesity, whereas ultra-processed food (UPF) intake shows no significant association with body weight markers.

Focus on the type of food rather than just its processing level. This study suggests that diets higher in processed ingredients (like oils, sugars, and flours used in cooking) were associated with lower body weight, while ultra-processed snacks showed no link to weight. Prioritize whole foods for nutrient density, but do not fear basic processed ingredients.

ModerateQualifiesMEDIUM confidence
Only higher intake of PI was consistently, inversely, associated with body weight... There were no significant associations between intake of MPF or UPF and markers of body weight.
Jean Adams et al. · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · 2015

Why this rating

Cross-sectional design limits causal inference, but the large sample size (n=2174) and individual-level data strengthen the association findings.

Source

Characterisation of UK diets according to degree of food processing and associations with socio-demographics and obesity: cross-sectional analysis of UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008–12)

Jean Adams et al. · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · 2015

DOI 10.1186/s12966-015-0317-y

cross_sectional · n=2174Cited 246×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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