Hormonal
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) acts as an independent pathogenic factor for osteoarthritis (OA) progression and arthroplasty complications through mechanisms of oxidative stress, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and insulin resistance, separate from mechanical load.
If you have Type 2 Diabetes and joint pain, treating the diabetes is part of treating the arthritis. High blood sugar and insulin resistance actively damage joint tissue through inflammation and stiffness (AGEs), independent of how much you weigh. Optimize glucose control to potentially slow joint degradation.
T2DM has a pathogenic effect on OA through 2 major pathways involving oxidative stress and low-grade chronic inflammation resulting from chronic hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. T2DM is a risk factor for OA progression and has a negative impact on arthroplasty outcomes.
Why this rating
Based on multiple meta-analyses and cohort studies cited, though causal links are described as 'not well established' in some contexts.
Source
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoarthritis
Nicola Veronese et al. · Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism · 2019
DOI 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2019.01.005
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