Mixed
High consumption of whole-grain bread is associated with lower circulating levels of inflammatory (hs-CRP) and oxidative stress (GGT, ALT) biomarkers.
Incorporate whole-grain bread into your diet. This study links higher consumption of whole-grain bread to lower levels of inflammatory markers (hs-CRP) and oxidative stress indicators (GGT, ALT). While the effect size is modest, it suggests a protective benefit against chronic disease risk factors.
higher consumption of whole-grain bread was significantly (P trend <0.05) associated with lower levels of GGT, ALT and hs-CRP
Why this rating
Cross-sectional observational study; associations are significant but causal inference is limited by design.
Source
Consumption of red meat and whole-grain bread in relation to biomarkers of obesity, inflammation, glucose metabolism and oxidative stress
Jukka Montonen et al. · European Journal of Nutrition · 2012
DOI 10.1007/s00394-012-0340-6
More from this paper
- High consumption of red meat is associated with higher circulating levels of oxidative stress (GGT) and inflammation (hs-CRP) biomarkers, though the hs-CRP association is mediated by obesity.Moderate
- High whole-grain bread consumption modifies the association between red meat intake and hs-CRP, attenuating the inflammatory response to red meat.Moderate
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