Mixed

Two-year dietary weight loss interventions induce significant regression of carotid vessel wall volume (VWV), with the magnitude of regression mediated primarily by reductions in systolic blood pressure rather than specific macronutrient composition.

To reverse early carotid atherosclerosis, focus on sustainable weight loss that lowers your blood pressure. You do not need to adhere to a specific 'magic' diet (low-fat, low-carb, or Mediterranean); the key is achieving a caloric deficit that reduces weight and systolic blood pressure. This structural improvement in artery volume was observed over two years across all three dietary approaches, provided blood pressure was reduced.