Energy balance
The doubly labelled water (DLW) method is the gold standard for measuring total energy expenditure in free-living humans because it accurately captures activity energy expenditure without interfering with subject behavior.
If you need to know your true energy expenditure in daily life, self-reports and most wearables are unreliable. The doubly labelled water method is the only validated way to measure this accurately without restricting your normal activities, though it is primarily a research tool due to cost and complexity.
The doubly labelled water method is the indicated method to measure energy expenditure in any environment, especially with regard to activity energy expenditure, without interference with the behavior of the subjects.
Why this rating
The paper cites decades of validation studies, including comparisons with respiration chambers, establishing high accuracy (2-8% precision).
Source
Doubly labelled water assessment of energy expenditure: principle, practice, and promise
Klaas R. Westerterp · European Journal of Applied Physiology · 2017
DOI 10.1007/s00421-017-3641-x
Related findings · Energy balance
- Achieving a total body weight loss of 10-15% (or >10-15 kg) through Total Diet Replacement (TDR) induces remission of Type 2 Diabetes in individuals with short-duration disease.Strong
- Bariatric surgery is superior to medical management alone for inducing significant long-term weight loss, remission of type 2 diabetes, and reduction in mortality for patients with BMI ≥ 40 or ≥ 35 with comorbidities.Strong
- Achieving type 2 diabetes remission requires significant weight loss (≥15 kg) via major caloric restriction, independent of macronutrient composition.Strong
This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →