Hormonal
Use of specific antiretroviral medications, particularly lopinavir/ritonavir and didanosine (ddI), significantly increases the risk of developing metabolic syndrome in HIV-infected adults, independent of general inflammation markers.
If you are HIV-positive, your medication choice matters for your metabolic health. Drugs like Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) and didanosine are linked to a higher risk of metabolic syndrome. Discuss lipid management and body composition with your provider, but do not stop your medication without medical advice, as uncontrolled viral load is also a major risk factor.
The risk was 2 times higher in those using lopinavir/ritonavir or ddI... Even after adjusting for BMI, the risk was 2-fold higher among those who gained more than 2 kg over the previous 6 months, and the risk increased from 2.3-fold to 4.9-fold with increasing quartile of trunk fat relative to limb fat.
Why this rating
Longitudinal cohort study with multivariate adjustment for confounders, though observational nature prevents causal certainty.
Source
Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in a Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults and Prevalence Relative to the US Population (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey)
Denise L. Jacobson et al. · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · 2006
DOI 10.1097/01.qai.0000243093.34652.41
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