Mixed
High adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower likelihood of incident cognitive impairment in nondiabetic adults, but this protective association is not observed in individuals with diabetes mellitus.
If you do not have diabetes, maintaining a high adherence to a Mediterranean diet (high plant foods, olive oil, low saturated fat/meat) is associated with a reduced risk of developing cognitive impairment over time. However, if you have diabetes, this specific dietary pattern did not show a protective effect against cognitive decline in this study, suggesting that diabetes may override or interact with the diet's benefits through other mechanisms like insulin resistance.
high adherence to MeD was associated with lower likelihood of incident cognitive impairment in nondiabetic participants (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.70–0.94; p = 0.0066) but not in diabetic individuals (OR 1.27; 95% CI 0.95–1.71; p = 0.1063).
Why this rating
Large population-based cohort (n=17,478), prospective design, adjusted for numerous confounders, but observational nature prevents causal inference.
Source
Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and risk of incident cognitive impairment
Georgios Tsivgoulis et al. · Neurology · 2013
DOI 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182904f69
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