Research
Energy balance
Mitochondria from insulin-resistant muscle maintain higher thermodynamic driving forces (more negative static head ATP free energy) at low metabolic flux, which predicts higher ROS production.
At rest, your mitochondria are holding a stronger 'charge' (higher ATP free energy) than lean individuals. This high-energy state drives more electron leakage (ROS), which may contribute to insulin resistance.
GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
Mitochondria from obese individuals maintained higher (more negative) extramitochondrial ATP free energy at low metabolic flux, suggesting that stronger mitochondrial thermodynamic driving forces may underlie the higher ROS production.
Why this rating
Direct measurement of thermodynamic parameters in isolated mitochondria.
Source
Increased Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Lower Abundance of Complex I Subunits and Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1B Protein Despite Normal Mitochondrial Respiration in Insulin-Resistant Human Skeletal Muscle
Natalie Lefort et al. · Diabetes · 2010
DOI 10.2337/db10-0174
mechanism_only · n=34Cited 174×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- In obese, insulin-resistant individuals, skeletal muscle mitochondria exhibit increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lower abundance of Complex I subunits and CPT1B protein, despite maintaining normal maximal mitochondrial respiration rates.Good
- Insulin-resistant skeletal muscle exhibits significantly lower abundance of Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1B (CPT1B) and specific Complex I subunits, which may contribute to lipid accumulation.Good
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