Research
Mixed
Obesity is an independent proarrhythmic risk factor for both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, mediated by structural remodeling (atrial/ventricular dilation, epicardial fat infiltration) and electrophysiological changes (prolonged QTc, P-wave dispersion).
Obesity directly increases the risk of heart rhythm problems (atrial and ventricular arrhythmias) through structural changes like heart enlargement and fat infiltration around the heart. This risk exists independently of other conditions like high blood pressure. Weight loss is a key intervention to reduce this risk.
StrongSupportsHIGH confidence
compelling evidence suggests that increasing adiposity is an independent proarrhythmic risk factor... Obesity is a multifactorial disease that often co-exists with hypertension, diabetes, and sleep apnoea, which are also independent risk factors for cardiac arrhythmias.
Why this rating
Supported by multiple large cohort studies, meta-analyses, and Mendelian randomization studies.
Source
Obesity as a risk factor for cardiac arrhythmias
Kiran Haresh Kumar Patel et al. · BMJ Medicine · 2022
DOI 10.1136/bmjmed-2022-000308
narrative_reviewCited 35×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Weight loss, particularly >10% body weight reduction, significantly reduces atrial fibrillation burden and increases the probability of arrhythmia-free survival.Good
- Epicardial adipose tissue volume is a stronger predictor of atrial fibrillation risk than general anthropometric indices like BMI or waist circumference.Good
- Bariatric surgery reduces all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and heart failure incidence, but its effect on reducing *incident* atrial fibrillation is not statistically significant.Good
Related findings · Mixed
- Bariatric surgery (VSG and RYGB) is the most effective and sustainable treatment for obesity, producing marked and sustained weight loss that non-surgical interventions cannot match.Strong
- Severely protein-deficient diets (2–3% energy) induce lean body mass loss and metabolic imbalance, whereas adequate protein intake (0.66 g/kg/d minimum) is a prerequisite for maintaining muscle, bone, and physiological function.Strong
- For patients with Class III obesity (BMI >39.9 kg/m2), metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) is significantly more effective than any currently approved medication, with BilioPancreatic Diversion (BPD) showing the highest estimated weight loss.Strong
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